Type of Garments Washing & Others
MACHINES USED IN WASHING PLANT
BASIC MACHINERY OF A WASHING PLANT
Please see below the our price list (Wash Type)
Bleach Wash
Process :
This washing process follows the following steps.
Suppose a lot size 100kg of twill trouser.
Step 01 or Desizing:
1. Load the garment in washing m/c 100kg garment
2. Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
3. Start m/c running Speed 15/12 rpm
4. Add amylase enzyme 1-3% 1-3kg
5. Add detergent/antistain to the liquor;1% i.e. 1kg
6. Supply steam to raise temp. 60 c
7. Continue the process 20 min
8. Drop the liquor
9. Hot wash with water temp 40-50c for 5 min.
Step 02 or bleaching:
1. Add water in 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
2. Start m/c running Speed 12-15 rpm
3. Add soda to liquor 2% i.e. 2kg
4. Add caustic to liquor 2% i.e. 2kg
5. Add bleaching powder (K.C.I.) 10 gm/lt i.e. 5 gm
6. Rinse thoroughly. 24
Step 03 (Neutralization of Chlorine):
• Add water with 1:5 liquor ratio =500Lt
• Start m/c running with moderate speed =12-15 rpm
• Add 35% of H2O2 0.5-1.0% = 500gm-1kg
Or Add bisulphate 1-2% =1kg-2kg
• Continue the process at Room temp. =5 min
• Drop the liquor & a hot wash at 40-60 c =5 min
• Add water in 1: 5 Liquor ratio = 500 Lt
• Start machine running = speed 12-15 rpm
• Add sodium hyposulphite 3 gm/ltr = 1500gm.
• Supply steam to raise temp As required (40c)
• Continue the process 10-20 min
• Drop the liquor,
• Rinse thoroughly.
Bleach Wash
Step 04 or Neutralization:
1. Add water in 1: 5 Liquor ratio = 500 Lt
2. Start machine running = speed 12-15 rpm
3. Add acetic acid to the liquor 1-2ml/lt = 0.5-1Lt
4. Continue the process = 5 min
5. Drop the liquor
Step 05 or Softening:
1. Add water in 1:5 liquor ratio = 500 Lt
2. Start m/c running speed 12-15 rpm
3. Add softener to the liquor 0.1 - 0.5% = 100- 500gm
4. Supply steam to raise the temp. = As required 40 to 60 c
5. Continue the process = 5 min
6. Drop the liquor & unload the garments
Step 06 or Drying:
1. Hydroextract the garments.
2. Dry in the tumble dryer.
Incase of knit garments desizing step is not required but a wash for 5 minutes at
room temperature is necessary.
Stone wash is done on garments made from denim & jeans fabric. Sometimes twill fabric garments are also subjected for stone wash.
Fading effect is produced in the garments in irregular pattern. Fading effect is more pronounced across the seam line and the multiple ply position.
Stone wash mainly followed by a decolouration process.
Garments become comfortable during use.
Stone Wash
Process :
This washing process follows the following steps:
• Step 01 or Desizing
• Step 02 or Stone Wash followed by Bleach wash
• Step 03 (Neutralization of Chlorine)
• Step 04 or Neutralization
• Step 05 or Softening
• Step 06 or Drying
Process Cycle
Stone Wash
Process: It follows the bellow mentioned steps.
Suppose 100kg of garments in a lot size.
Step 01 or Desizing
1. Load the garment in washing m/c 100kg garment
2. Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
3. Start m/c running Speed 15/12 rpm
4. Add amylase enzyme 1-3% 1-3kg
5. Add detergent/antistain to the liquor; 1% i.e. 1kg
6. Supply steam to raise temp. 60 c
7. Continue the process 20 min
8. Drop the liquor
9. Hot wash with water temp 40-50c for 5 min.
Step 02 (Stone Wash):
1. Load the m/c with water at 1:5 liquor ratio = 500Lt water
2. Add pumic stone ½ of volume of garments volume or as required
= 30kg to 50 kg
3. Start m/c running with moderate speed =12-15 rpm
4. Add bleaching powder to the liquor 2-4% =2-4kg
5. Add soda ash to the liquor 6-8% = 6-8 kg
6. Continue the process =20-40 min
7. Drop the liquor & a hot wash at 40 to 50c = 5min
Stone Wash
Step 03 (Neutralization of Chlorine):
1. Add water with 1:5 liquor ratio = 500 Lt
2. Start m/c running with moderate speed = 12-15 rpm
3. Add 35% of H2O2 0.5-1.0% = 500gm-1k
Or Add bisulphate 1-2% =1kg-2kg
4. Continue the process at Room temp. = 5 min
5. Drop the liquor & a hot wash at 40-60 c = 5 min
Note: H2O2 Neutralization gives brighter tone then the bisulphate.
Step 04: (Neutralization)
1. Add water with 1:5 liquor ratio = 500 Lt
2. Start m/c running with moderate speed = 12-15 rpm
3. Add acetic acid 1-2% = 1Lt-2Lt
4. Continue the process at Room temp to 60c. = 5-8 min
5. Drop the liquor 31
Stone Wash
Step 05 or Softening:
1. Add water in 1:5 liquor ratio 500 Lt
2. Start m/c running speed 12-15 rpm
3. Add softener to the liquor 0.1 - 0.5% 100- 500gm
4. Supply steam to raise the temp As required 40 to 60 c
5. Continue the process 5 min
6. Drop the liquor & unload the garments
Step 06:
1. Hydroextract the garments.
2. Dry in the tumble dryer.
Note: Stone wash sometimes done without bleaching; actually it depends upon the requirement
Acid Wash
• Garments made from heavy jeans & denim fabrics course canvas, sweater & thick twill etc. are washed by acid wash technique.
• Irregular pattern fading effect is produced in the garments. But the effects more pronounce than stone wash.
• This is very dirty process due to widely use of pumic stone.
Stone Wash
Process:
It follows the following steps.
Step 01 or Desizing:
Load the garment in washing m/c 100kg garment
1. Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
2. Start m/c running Speed 15/12 rpm
3. Add amylase enzyme 1-3% 1-3kg
4. Add detergent/antistain to the liquor;1% i.e. 1kg
5. Supply steam to raise temp. 60 c
6. Continue the process 20 min
7. Drop the liquor
8. Hot wash with water temp 40-50c for 5 min.
Step 02:
1. Unload the garments from m/c
2. Hydro extract the garments
3. Dry it partially by running tumble dryer for 5 to 10 mins.
4. Unload the garments & keep in open air for conditioning (1/2 an hour)34
Stone Wash
Step 03:
1. Take stone of same volume of the volume of garments.
2. Soak the stone with the following chemical solution for 2-3 min
Water 100 Lt
Potassium permanganate 1kg (1gm/Lt)
Phosphoric Acid 200-300gm (0.2-0.3gm/lt)
Here the porous of stone will, pick up the solution
3. Soaked stones are dried in the open air for 60-90 min
Step 04:
1. Load the garments treated in step 01 & step 02 in a dry m/c. lot size should be 20 to 30kg.
2. Load treated stone in step 03 volume of the garments volume.
3. Run the m/c for 5 to 7 min. Due to rotation of inner cylinder the soaked stones will hit the garments surfaces, thus the chemicals in the stone will destroy the color of fabric where the stone will hit. Multi layer fabric area like collar, cuff, and pocket, pocket side seam etc area will brushed more than the single layer areas, hence more fading effect will be produce in those areas result new color effect in the garments.
4. Unload the garments & separate the stone from the batch.
Stone Wash
Step 05:
It is a neutralizing process. KMnO4 & H3PO4 reacts & gives Oxygen, which oxidized the color. Hence a by-product MnO2 is also produced which should be neutralized.
6KMnO + 4H3PO4 =2K3PO4+ Mn3(PO4)2+ 6H2O+ 3MnO2+2O2 This MnO2 is solubilized by sodium Metabisulfite (Na2S2O5)
Na2S2O5 + H2O = 2NaHSO3
NaHSO3+MnO2=MnSO4+NaOH
1. Load the garments to the m/c
2. Add water with 1: 5 liquor ratio 500Lt
3. Run m/c with moderate speed 12-15 rpm
4. Add Sodium meta-bisulfite 1-2 g/Lt 500gm-1kg
5. Continue the process 5-10 min
6. Drain the liquor
7. Hot wash 40-50c 5 min
Stone Wash
Step 06 or Neutralization:
1. Add water in 1: 5 Liquor ratio 500 Lt
2. Start machine running speed 12-15 rpm
3. Add acetic acid to the liquor 1-2ml/lt 0.5-1Lt
4. Continue the process 5 min
5. Drop the liquor
Step 07 or Softening:
1. Add water in 1:5 liquor ratio 500 Lt
2. Start m/c running speed 12-15 rpm
3. Add softener to the liquor 0.1 - 0.5% 100- 500gm
4. Supply steam to raise the temp As required 40 to 60 c
5. Continue the process 5 min
6. Drop the liquor & unload the garments
Step 08:
1. Hydroextract the garments.
2. Dry in the tumble dryer. 37
Enzyme wash
• Enzyme wash is done on garments made from denim & jeans fabric, twill fabric garments. Sometimes knit items are also subjected for Enzyme wash
• Garments made from indigo, vat, direct etc dyed fabric can be enzyme washed. Reactive dyed garments can be washed also but wash effect not pronounced as mentioned earlier.
• It produces frosty/ice effect on garment and seam abrasion across the seam.
• Enzyme works chemically not mechanically for this reason it provide less damage/wastage then stone wash.
• It improves improve the color fastness & rubbing fastness.
• Enzyme improves the anti-pilling properties and decrease the hairiness hence it gives a very smooth surface of the garments.
Enzyme wash
Process:
It follows the bellow mentioned steps.
Suppose 100kg of garments in a lot size.
Step 01 or Desizing
1. Load the garment in washing m/c 100kg garment
2. Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
3. Start m/c running Speed 15/12 rpm
4. Add amylase enzyme 1-3% 1-3kg
5. Add detergent/antistain to the liquor;1% i.e. 1kg
6. Supply steam to raise temp. 60 c
7. Continue the process 20 min
8. Drop the liquor
9. Hot wash with water temp 40-50c for 5 min.
Enzyme wash
Step 02 Enzyme
1. Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
2. Start m/c running Speed 15/12 rpm
3. Supply steam to raise temp. As required 55-60 C
4. Add acetic acid 1-3% 1-3kg
5. Add anti back staining 1% i.e. 1kg
6. Add Acid Enzyme As required 1-3% i.e. 100-300gm
7. Continue the process depending up on the effect 30-50 min
8. Drop the liquor
9. Hot wash with water temp 80-90c run 1-2 min. (for killing the enzyme).
10. Drain the bath
11. Rinse thoroughly
Enzyme wash
Step 03 or Softening:
1. Add water in 1:5 liquor ratio = 500 Lt
2. Start m/c running = speed 12-15 rpm
3. Add softener to the liquor 0.1 - 0.5% = 100- 500gm
4. Supply steam to raise the temp = As required 40 to 60 c
5. Continue the process = 5 min
6. Drop the liquor & unload the garments
Step 04:
1. Hydroextract the garments.
2. Dry in the tumble dryer.
Note: Enzyme wash usually followed by bleaching; and it depends upon the requirements of lightening the garments.
Enzyme wash with stone
• Enzyme wash with stone is done on garments made from denim & jeans fabric, twill fabric garments. Sometimes knit items are also subjected for Enzyme wash with stone
• Garments made from indigo, vat, direct etc dyed fabric can be Enzyme washed with stone. Reactive dyed garments can be washed also but wash effect not pronounced as mentioned earlier.
• It produces more frosty/ice effect on garment and seam abrasion across the seam than the enzyme wash.
• Enzyme works chemically and stone works mechanically for this reason it provide effect more quickly then enzyme wash.
• It improves improve the color fastness & rubbing fastness.
• Enzyme improves the anti-pilling properties and decrease the hairiness where as stone mechanically increase hairiness. On the other hand this process shortens the time. For this reason enzyme and stone amount should be used very carefully.
Enzyme wash with stone
Process:
It follows the bellow mentioned steps.
Suppose 100kg of garments in a lot size.
Step 01 or Desizing
1. Load the garment in washing m/c 100kg garment
2. Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
3. Start m/c running Speed 15/12 rpm
4. Add amylase enzyme 1-3% 1-3kg
5. Add detergent/antistain to the liquor; 1% i.e. 1kg
6. Supply steam to raise temp. 60 c
7. Continue the process 20 min
8. Drop the liquor
9. Hot wash with water temp 40-50c for 5 min.
Enzyme wash with stone
Step 02 Enzyme with stone
1. Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
2. Start m/c running Speed 15/12 rpm
3. Supply steam to raise temp. As required 55-60 C
4. Add acetic acid 1-3% 1-3kg
5. Add anti back staining 1% i.e. 1kg
6. Add Acid Enzyme As required 1-3% i.e. 100-300gm
7. Add pumic stone ½ of volume of garments volume or as required
= 30kg to 50 kg
8. Continue the process depending up on the effect 30-50 min
9. Drop the liquor
10. Hot wash with water (for killing the enzyme) temp 80-90c run 1-2 min.
11. Drain the bath
12. Rinse thoroughly
Enzyme wash with stone
Step 03 or Softening:
1. Add water in 1:5 liquor ratio 500 Lt
2. Start m/c running speed 12-15 rpm
3. Add softener to the liquor 0.1 - 0.5% 100- 500gm
4. Supply steam to raise the temp As required 40 to 60 c
5. Continue the process 5-15 min
6. Drop the liquor & unload the garments
Step 04:
1. Hydroextract the garments.
2. Dry in the tumble dryer.
Note: Enzyme wash usually done with bleaching; and it depends upon the requirements of lightening the garments.
Super White Wash
• Cotton garments made from grey fabric are used for super white wash.
• To obtain maximum whiteness effect on garments super white wash is performed.
Process:
This process follow the below steps.
Suppose a lot of 100 kg garments is produced.
Step 01 or Desizing
1. Load the garment in washing m/c 100kg garment
2. Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
3. Start m/c running Speed 15/12 rpm
4. Add amylase enzyme 1-3% 1-3kg
5. Add detergent/antistain to the liquor;1% i.e. 1kg
6. Supply steam to raise temp. 60 c
7. Continue the process 20 min
8. Drop the liquor
9. Hot wash with water temp 40-50c for 5 min. 46
Super White Wash
Step 02 :
1. Add water in 1:5 liquor ratio 500 Lt water
2. Start m/c running with moderate speed 12-15 rpm
3. Add detergent as 2% 2 kg
4. Caustic soda as 10% 10 kg
5. H2O2 as 12% 12 Lt
6. Stabilizer as 5% 5 Lt
7. Supply temp to raise temp 95 c
8. Continue the process 75 min
9. Drop the liquor.
Super White Wash
Step 03 : (Refining Wash)
1. Add water in 1:5 liquor ratio 500 Lt
2. Start m/c with moderate speed 12-15 rpm
3. Add detergent as 2% 2 kg
4. Caustic soda as 4% 4 kg
5. H2O2 as 10% 10 Lt
6. Stabilizer as 4% 4 Lt
7. Raise temp by steam supply 95 C
8. Continue the process 75 min
9. Drop the liquor
10. Hot wash 50 C for 5 min.
Super White Wash
Step 04: Neutral Wash
1. Add water in 1:5 liquor ratio 500 Lt
2. Start m/c with moderate speed 12-15 rpm
3. Add A. acid as 1% 1 Lt
4. Continue the process at R.T to 50 C 5 min
5. Drop the liquor.
Step 05: Brightening Treatment
1. Add water in 1:5 liquor ratio 500 Lt water
2. Add FWA/FBA as required (considering 1%)1 kg
3. Supply steam to raise the temp 80 C
4. Continue the process 10 min
5. Drop the liquor.
Super White Wash
Step 05: Softening
1. Add water in 1:5 liquor ratio = 500 Lt
2. Start m/c running = speed 12-15 rpm
3. Add softener to the liquor 0.1 - 0.5% = 100- 500gm
4. Supply steam to raise the temp = As required 40 to 60
5. Continue the process = 5-15 min
6. Drop the liquor & unload the garments
Step 06:
1. Hydroextract the garments.
2. Dry in the tumble dryer.
Note: white garments should be soften with non-ionic softener and dried in the steam dryer. Otherwise a reddish tone will appear.
Normal Wash
It is the easiest, shortest and cheapest process as a result it is most popular wash.
1. Size material is removed partially
2. Dust, dirt, oil spot, impurities etc. are removed that may come from during process i.e. cutting, stitching and the back process.
3. With the addition of softener the softness of the garments can be improved as well as drape ability
4. All types of garment can be washed. Such as: woven and knit garments.
5. No significant fading effect can be achieved. But increasing processing time and decreasing the liquor ratio we can pronounce the wash effect.
Note: white garments should be soften with non-ionic softener and dried in the steam dryer. Otherwise a reddish tone will appear.
Normal Wash
Process:
Suppose a lot size of 100kg garments:
1. Load the garment in washing m/c 100kg of garment
2.Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
3. Start m/c running Speed 15/12 rpm
4.Add detergent to the liquor 0.3-1% i.e. 0.30-1.0kg
5.Supply steam to raise temp. 40 c to 60 c
6.If back staining is occur then use anti back staining chemicals to
minimize such kind of problem 1-2% i.e. 1.0-2.0kg
7. Run the process 5-20 min
8.Drop the liquor
9.Hot wash with minimum liquor 1:3 i.e. 300lt (its temp 40-60c)
10. Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
11.Add softener to the liquor 0.1 to 0.5% i.e. 100gm to 500gm
12.If back staining & bleeding then use anti back staining & fixing chemical
Anti back 1-2% i.e. 1-2kg,
Fixing agent 0.5-1% i.e. 0.5-1kg
13.Supply steam to raise temp As required (40c to 60c)
14.Continue the process for 2-15 min
15.Drop the liquor
16. Unload the garment
17. Hydro extracts the garment.
18. Dry it in a tumble dryer.
How to solve Back-staining Problem During Normal Wash
We have to follow the bellow sequences:
1. Trial a sample batch (If back-staining occur)
2. Wash another sample batch with antiback-staining chemicals. (If back-staining occur)
3. Wash another sample batch without detergent (If back-staining occur)
4. Wash another sample batch without temperature (If back-staining occur)
5. Wash another sample batch without detergent & temperature and with antiback-staining agent after fixing with fixing chemicals (If back-staining occur).
6. Stop washing and inform customer.
Pigment Wash
It is also easiest, shortest and cheapest process as a result it is most popular wash like as normal wash.
1. Pigment dyed/Pigment printed fabric used for making garment can be pigment washed.
2. Size material is removed partially
3. Dust, dirt, oil spot, impurities etc. are removed that may come from during process i.e. cutting, stitching and the back process.
4. With the addition of softener the softness of the garments can be improved as well as drape ability. But as pigments harden the printed or dyed surface softener need more in compare with normal wash.
5. All types of garment can be washed. Such as: woven knit garments.
6. Significant fading effect can be achieved. But we can achieve more wash effect by increasing processing time and decreasing the liquor ratio.
Note: white garments should be soften with non-ionic softener and dried in the steam dryer. Otherwise a reddish tone will appear.
Silicon wash
Process:
Suppose a lot size of 100kg garments (woven)
Step 01 or Desizing:
1. Load the garment in washing m/c 100kg garment
2. Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
3. Start m/c running Speed 15/12 rpm
4. Add amylase enzyme 1-3% i.e. 1-3kg
5. Add detergent/antistain to the liquor; 1% i.e. 1kg
6. Supply steam to raise temp. 60 c
7. Continue the process 20 min
8. Drop the liquor
9. Hot wash with water temp 40-50c for 5 min.
Silicon wash
Step 02
1. Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
2. Start m/c running Speed 15/12 rpm
3. Add Silicon to the liquor 0.1 to 0.5% i.e. 100gm to 500gm
4. Add softener to the liquor 0.1 to 0.5% i.e. 100gm to 500gm
5. Supply steam to raise temp As required (40c to 60c)
6. Continue the process for 10-15 min
7. Drop the liquor
8. Unload the garment
Step 03
1. Hydroextract the garments.
2. Dry in the tumble dryer.
Incase of knit garments desizing step is not required but a wash for 5 minutes at room temperature is necessary.
Caustic wash
• Caustic wash generally doing on Reactive dye, Sulpher dye, Direct dyed or printed Garments.
• If printed fabric is used for making garments then about 20-30% pigment is washed out, as a result faded color effect is produced.
• Size material is removed partially but more then normal wash & pigment wash.
• Dust, dirt, oil spot, impurities etc. are removed that may come from during process i.e. cutting, stitching and the back process.
• All types of garment can be washed. Such as: woven knit garments.
• Significant fading effect can be achieved. But we can achieve more wash effect by increasing processing time and decreasing the liquor ratio.
• To improve the color fastness & rubbing fastness.
• To increase the hairiness on garments this increases its oldlook appearance.
Caustic wash
Process:
The washing procedure follows the bellow mentioned steps.
Supposed a lot size 100kg garments.
1. Load the garments in the washing m/c = 100kg garments.
2. Load the m/c with water at 1:5 liquor ratio= 500Lt water
3. Start m/c running with moderate speed =12-15 rpm
4. Add caustic soda to the liquor 4% =4kg
5. Add soda ash to the liquor 2% = 2 kg
6. Add detergent to the liquor 1% = 1 kg
7. Add H2O2 to the liquor 4% = 4 Lt
8. Add stabilizer to the liquor 2% = 2 Lt
9. Supply steam to raise the temp =70 c
10. Continue the process for achieving the desire shade = 60-90 min
11. Drop the liquor
12. Hot wash 50c to remove all unaccepted material for = 5 min
13. Drain the liquor
Caustic wash
14. Neutralization:
a. Add water in 1: 5 Liquor ratio = 500 Lt
b. Start machine running = speed 12-15 rpm
c. Add acetic acid to the liquor 1-2ml/lt =0.50- 1Lt
d. Continue the process =5 min
e. Drop the liquor
15. Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio = 500Lt
16. Run m/c running with moderate speed =12-15 rpm
17. Add softener as required 0.1 to 0.5% = 10-50gm
18. Continue the process at 40-50c = 5-10 min
19. Drop the liquor
20. Unload the garments.
21. Hydroextract & dry the garments with the tumble dryer.
BASIC MACHINERY OF A WASHING PLANT
- Garments washing m/c for sample,
- Garments washing m/c for bulk,
- Hydro extractor,
- Tumble Dryer: i) Gas dryer, ii) Steam dryer.
- Boiler
- Compressor
Please see below the our price list (Wash Type)
- Normal Garments wash per dozon = 0.6$
- Trumble/Normal fabric wash per kg = 10 taka
- Stone wash per dozon = 1.5$
- Stone Enzyme wash per dozon = 2.0$
- Acid wash per dozon = 5.0$
- Sand wash per dozon = 4.0$
- Enzyme wash per dozon = 1.0$
Bleach Wash
- Garments made from indigo, vat, reactive, direct etc dyed fabric can be bleach washed.
- It is a decolorization process by oxidation action.
- Color can be removed uniformly from the garment and removal of color done as per requirement. In general there are three categories such as light bleach (where maximum color is removed), medium bleach and bleach.
- All types of garment can be washed. Such as: woven knit garments.
- In case of woven fabric a pretreatment (Desizing) process is required.
- Dust, dirt, oil spot, impurities etc. are removed that may come from during process i.e. cutting, stitching and the back process.
- Significant fading effect can be achieved. But we can achieve more wash effect by increasing processing time and decreasing the liquor ratio.
- To improve the color fastness & rubbing fastness.
- To increase the hairiness on garments this increases its old-look appearance.
- Maximum weight losses occur in case of light bleach. 22
Bleach Wash
Process :
This washing process follows the following steps.
- Step 01 or Desizing
- Step 02 or Bleaching
- Step 03 (Neutralization of Chlorine)
- Step 04 or Neutralization
- Step 05 or Softening
- Step 06 or Drying
Suppose a lot size 100kg of twill trouser.
Step 01 or Desizing:
1. Load the garment in washing m/c 100kg garment
2. Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
3. Start m/c running Speed 15/12 rpm
4. Add amylase enzyme 1-3% 1-3kg
5. Add detergent/antistain to the liquor;1% i.e. 1kg
6. Supply steam to raise temp. 60 c
7. Continue the process 20 min
8. Drop the liquor
9. Hot wash with water temp 40-50c for 5 min.
Step 02 or bleaching:
1. Add water in 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
2. Start m/c running Speed 12-15 rpm
3. Add soda to liquor 2% i.e. 2kg
4. Add caustic to liquor 2% i.e. 2kg
5. Add bleaching powder (K.C.I.) 10 gm/lt i.e. 5 gm
6. Rinse thoroughly. 24
Step 03 (Neutralization of Chlorine):
• Add water with 1:5 liquor ratio =500Lt
• Start m/c running with moderate speed =12-15 rpm
• Add 35% of H2O2 0.5-1.0% = 500gm-1kg
Or Add bisulphate 1-2% =1kg-2kg
• Continue the process at Room temp. =5 min
• Drop the liquor & a hot wash at 40-60 c =5 min
• Add water in 1: 5 Liquor ratio = 500 Lt
• Start machine running = speed 12-15 rpm
• Add sodium hyposulphite 3 gm/ltr = 1500gm.
• Supply steam to raise temp As required (40c)
• Continue the process 10-20 min
• Drop the liquor,
• Rinse thoroughly.
Bleach Wash
Step 04 or Neutralization:
1. Add water in 1: 5 Liquor ratio = 500 Lt
2. Start machine running = speed 12-15 rpm
3. Add acetic acid to the liquor 1-2ml/lt = 0.5-1Lt
4. Continue the process = 5 min
5. Drop the liquor
Step 05 or Softening:
1. Add water in 1:5 liquor ratio = 500 Lt
2. Start m/c running speed 12-15 rpm
3. Add softener to the liquor 0.1 - 0.5% = 100- 500gm
4. Supply steam to raise the temp. = As required 40 to 60 c
5. Continue the process = 5 min
6. Drop the liquor & unload the garments
Step 06 or Drying:
1. Hydroextract the garments.
2. Dry in the tumble dryer.
Incase of knit garments desizing step is not required but a wash for 5 minutes at
room temperature is necessary.
Stone wash is done on garments made from denim & jeans fabric. Sometimes twill fabric garments are also subjected for stone wash.
Fading effect is produced in the garments in irregular pattern. Fading effect is more pronounced across the seam line and the multiple ply position.
Stone wash mainly followed by a decolouration process.
Garments become comfortable during use.
Stone Wash
Process :
This washing process follows the following steps:
• Step 01 or Desizing
• Step 02 or Stone Wash followed by Bleach wash
• Step 03 (Neutralization of Chlorine)
• Step 04 or Neutralization
• Step 05 or Softening
• Step 06 or Drying
Process Cycle
Stone Wash
Process: It follows the bellow mentioned steps.
Suppose 100kg of garments in a lot size.
Step 01 or Desizing
1. Load the garment in washing m/c 100kg garment
2. Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
3. Start m/c running Speed 15/12 rpm
4. Add amylase enzyme 1-3% 1-3kg
5. Add detergent/antistain to the liquor; 1% i.e. 1kg
6. Supply steam to raise temp. 60 c
7. Continue the process 20 min
8. Drop the liquor
9. Hot wash with water temp 40-50c for 5 min.
Step 02 (Stone Wash):
1. Load the m/c with water at 1:5 liquor ratio = 500Lt water
2. Add pumic stone ½ of volume of garments volume or as required
= 30kg to 50 kg
3. Start m/c running with moderate speed =12-15 rpm
4. Add bleaching powder to the liquor 2-4% =2-4kg
5. Add soda ash to the liquor 6-8% = 6-8 kg
6. Continue the process =20-40 min
7. Drop the liquor & a hot wash at 40 to 50c = 5min
Stone Wash
Step 03 (Neutralization of Chlorine):
1. Add water with 1:5 liquor ratio = 500 Lt
2. Start m/c running with moderate speed = 12-15 rpm
3. Add 35% of H2O2 0.5-1.0% = 500gm-1k
Or Add bisulphate 1-2% =1kg-2kg
4. Continue the process at Room temp. = 5 min
5. Drop the liquor & a hot wash at 40-60 c = 5 min
Note: H2O2 Neutralization gives brighter tone then the bisulphate.
Step 04: (Neutralization)
1. Add water with 1:5 liquor ratio = 500 Lt
2. Start m/c running with moderate speed = 12-15 rpm
3. Add acetic acid 1-2% = 1Lt-2Lt
4. Continue the process at Room temp to 60c. = 5-8 min
5. Drop the liquor 31
Stone Wash
Step 05 or Softening:
1. Add water in 1:5 liquor ratio 500 Lt
2. Start m/c running speed 12-15 rpm
3. Add softener to the liquor 0.1 - 0.5% 100- 500gm
4. Supply steam to raise the temp As required 40 to 60 c
5. Continue the process 5 min
6. Drop the liquor & unload the garments
Step 06:
1. Hydroextract the garments.
2. Dry in the tumble dryer.
Note: Stone wash sometimes done without bleaching; actually it depends upon the requirement
Acid Wash
• Garments made from heavy jeans & denim fabrics course canvas, sweater & thick twill etc. are washed by acid wash technique.
• Irregular pattern fading effect is produced in the garments. But the effects more pronounce than stone wash.
• This is very dirty process due to widely use of pumic stone.
Stone Wash
Process:
It follows the following steps.
Step 01 or Desizing:
Load the garment in washing m/c 100kg garment
1. Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
2. Start m/c running Speed 15/12 rpm
3. Add amylase enzyme 1-3% 1-3kg
4. Add detergent/antistain to the liquor;1% i.e. 1kg
5. Supply steam to raise temp. 60 c
6. Continue the process 20 min
7. Drop the liquor
8. Hot wash with water temp 40-50c for 5 min.
Step 02:
1. Unload the garments from m/c
2. Hydro extract the garments
3. Dry it partially by running tumble dryer for 5 to 10 mins.
4. Unload the garments & keep in open air for conditioning (1/2 an hour)34
Stone Wash
Step 03:
1. Take stone of same volume of the volume of garments.
2. Soak the stone with the following chemical solution for 2-3 min
Water 100 Lt
Potassium permanganate 1kg (1gm/Lt)
Phosphoric Acid 200-300gm (0.2-0.3gm/lt)
Here the porous of stone will, pick up the solution
3. Soaked stones are dried in the open air for 60-90 min
Step 04:
1. Load the garments treated in step 01 & step 02 in a dry m/c. lot size should be 20 to 30kg.
2. Load treated stone in step 03 volume of the garments volume.
3. Run the m/c for 5 to 7 min. Due to rotation of inner cylinder the soaked stones will hit the garments surfaces, thus the chemicals in the stone will destroy the color of fabric where the stone will hit. Multi layer fabric area like collar, cuff, and pocket, pocket side seam etc area will brushed more than the single layer areas, hence more fading effect will be produce in those areas result new color effect in the garments.
4. Unload the garments & separate the stone from the batch.
Stone Wash
Step 05:
It is a neutralizing process. KMnO4 & H3PO4 reacts & gives Oxygen, which oxidized the color. Hence a by-product MnO2 is also produced which should be neutralized.
6KMnO + 4H3PO4 =2K3PO4+ Mn3(PO4)2+ 6H2O+ 3MnO2+2O2 This MnO2 is solubilized by sodium Metabisulfite (Na2S2O5)
Na2S2O5 + H2O = 2NaHSO3
NaHSO3+MnO2=MnSO4+NaOH
1. Load the garments to the m/c
2. Add water with 1: 5 liquor ratio 500Lt
3. Run m/c with moderate speed 12-15 rpm
4. Add Sodium meta-bisulfite 1-2 g/Lt 500gm-1kg
5. Continue the process 5-10 min
6. Drain the liquor
7. Hot wash 40-50c 5 min
Stone Wash
Step 06 or Neutralization:
1. Add water in 1: 5 Liquor ratio 500 Lt
2. Start machine running speed 12-15 rpm
3. Add acetic acid to the liquor 1-2ml/lt 0.5-1Lt
4. Continue the process 5 min
5. Drop the liquor
Step 07 or Softening:
1. Add water in 1:5 liquor ratio 500 Lt
2. Start m/c running speed 12-15 rpm
3. Add softener to the liquor 0.1 - 0.5% 100- 500gm
4. Supply steam to raise the temp As required 40 to 60 c
5. Continue the process 5 min
6. Drop the liquor & unload the garments
Step 08:
1. Hydroextract the garments.
2. Dry in the tumble dryer. 37
Enzyme wash
• Enzyme wash is done on garments made from denim & jeans fabric, twill fabric garments. Sometimes knit items are also subjected for Enzyme wash
• Garments made from indigo, vat, direct etc dyed fabric can be enzyme washed. Reactive dyed garments can be washed also but wash effect not pronounced as mentioned earlier.
• It produces frosty/ice effect on garment and seam abrasion across the seam.
• Enzyme works chemically not mechanically for this reason it provide less damage/wastage then stone wash.
• It improves improve the color fastness & rubbing fastness.
• Enzyme improves the anti-pilling properties and decrease the hairiness hence it gives a very smooth surface of the garments.
Enzyme wash
Process:
It follows the bellow mentioned steps.
Suppose 100kg of garments in a lot size.
Step 01 or Desizing
1. Load the garment in washing m/c 100kg garment
2. Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
3. Start m/c running Speed 15/12 rpm
4. Add amylase enzyme 1-3% 1-3kg
5. Add detergent/antistain to the liquor;1% i.e. 1kg
6. Supply steam to raise temp. 60 c
7. Continue the process 20 min
8. Drop the liquor
9. Hot wash with water temp 40-50c for 5 min.
Enzyme wash
Step 02 Enzyme
1. Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
2. Start m/c running Speed 15/12 rpm
3. Supply steam to raise temp. As required 55-60 C
4. Add acetic acid 1-3% 1-3kg
5. Add anti back staining 1% i.e. 1kg
6. Add Acid Enzyme As required 1-3% i.e. 100-300gm
7. Continue the process depending up on the effect 30-50 min
8. Drop the liquor
9. Hot wash with water temp 80-90c run 1-2 min. (for killing the enzyme).
10. Drain the bath
11. Rinse thoroughly
Enzyme wash
Step 03 or Softening:
1. Add water in 1:5 liquor ratio = 500 Lt
2. Start m/c running = speed 12-15 rpm
3. Add softener to the liquor 0.1 - 0.5% = 100- 500gm
4. Supply steam to raise the temp = As required 40 to 60 c
5. Continue the process = 5 min
6. Drop the liquor & unload the garments
Step 04:
1. Hydroextract the garments.
2. Dry in the tumble dryer.
Note: Enzyme wash usually followed by bleaching; and it depends upon the requirements of lightening the garments.
Enzyme wash with stone
• Enzyme wash with stone is done on garments made from denim & jeans fabric, twill fabric garments. Sometimes knit items are also subjected for Enzyme wash with stone
• Garments made from indigo, vat, direct etc dyed fabric can be Enzyme washed with stone. Reactive dyed garments can be washed also but wash effect not pronounced as mentioned earlier.
• It produces more frosty/ice effect on garment and seam abrasion across the seam than the enzyme wash.
• Enzyme works chemically and stone works mechanically for this reason it provide effect more quickly then enzyme wash.
• It improves improve the color fastness & rubbing fastness.
• Enzyme improves the anti-pilling properties and decrease the hairiness where as stone mechanically increase hairiness. On the other hand this process shortens the time. For this reason enzyme and stone amount should be used very carefully.
Enzyme wash with stone
Process:
It follows the bellow mentioned steps.
Suppose 100kg of garments in a lot size.
Step 01 or Desizing
1. Load the garment in washing m/c 100kg garment
2. Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
3. Start m/c running Speed 15/12 rpm
4. Add amylase enzyme 1-3% 1-3kg
5. Add detergent/antistain to the liquor; 1% i.e. 1kg
6. Supply steam to raise temp. 60 c
7. Continue the process 20 min
8. Drop the liquor
9. Hot wash with water temp 40-50c for 5 min.
Enzyme wash with stone
Step 02 Enzyme with stone
1. Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
2. Start m/c running Speed 15/12 rpm
3. Supply steam to raise temp. As required 55-60 C
4. Add acetic acid 1-3% 1-3kg
5. Add anti back staining 1% i.e. 1kg
6. Add Acid Enzyme As required 1-3% i.e. 100-300gm
7. Add pumic stone ½ of volume of garments volume or as required
= 30kg to 50 kg
8. Continue the process depending up on the effect 30-50 min
9. Drop the liquor
10. Hot wash with water (for killing the enzyme) temp 80-90c run 1-2 min.
11. Drain the bath
12. Rinse thoroughly
Enzyme wash with stone
Step 03 or Softening:
1. Add water in 1:5 liquor ratio 500 Lt
2. Start m/c running speed 12-15 rpm
3. Add softener to the liquor 0.1 - 0.5% 100- 500gm
4. Supply steam to raise the temp As required 40 to 60 c
5. Continue the process 5-15 min
6. Drop the liquor & unload the garments
Step 04:
1. Hydroextract the garments.
2. Dry in the tumble dryer.
Note: Enzyme wash usually done with bleaching; and it depends upon the requirements of lightening the garments.
Super White Wash
• Cotton garments made from grey fabric are used for super white wash.
• To obtain maximum whiteness effect on garments super white wash is performed.
Process:
This process follow the below steps.
Suppose a lot of 100 kg garments is produced.
Step 01 or Desizing
1. Load the garment in washing m/c 100kg garment
2. Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
3. Start m/c running Speed 15/12 rpm
4. Add amylase enzyme 1-3% 1-3kg
5. Add detergent/antistain to the liquor;1% i.e. 1kg
6. Supply steam to raise temp. 60 c
7. Continue the process 20 min
8. Drop the liquor
9. Hot wash with water temp 40-50c for 5 min. 46
Super White Wash
Step 02 :
1. Add water in 1:5 liquor ratio 500 Lt water
2. Start m/c running with moderate speed 12-15 rpm
3. Add detergent as 2% 2 kg
4. Caustic soda as 10% 10 kg
5. H2O2 as 12% 12 Lt
6. Stabilizer as 5% 5 Lt
7. Supply temp to raise temp 95 c
8. Continue the process 75 min
9. Drop the liquor.
Super White Wash
Step 03 : (Refining Wash)
1. Add water in 1:5 liquor ratio 500 Lt
2. Start m/c with moderate speed 12-15 rpm
3. Add detergent as 2% 2 kg
4. Caustic soda as 4% 4 kg
5. H2O2 as 10% 10 Lt
6. Stabilizer as 4% 4 Lt
7. Raise temp by steam supply 95 C
8. Continue the process 75 min
9. Drop the liquor
10. Hot wash 50 C for 5 min.
Super White Wash
Step 04: Neutral Wash
1. Add water in 1:5 liquor ratio 500 Lt
2. Start m/c with moderate speed 12-15 rpm
3. Add A. acid as 1% 1 Lt
4. Continue the process at R.T to 50 C 5 min
5. Drop the liquor.
Step 05: Brightening Treatment
1. Add water in 1:5 liquor ratio 500 Lt water
2. Add FWA/FBA as required (considering 1%)1 kg
3. Supply steam to raise the temp 80 C
4. Continue the process 10 min
5. Drop the liquor.
Super White Wash
Step 05: Softening
1. Add water in 1:5 liquor ratio = 500 Lt
2. Start m/c running = speed 12-15 rpm
3. Add softener to the liquor 0.1 - 0.5% = 100- 500gm
4. Supply steam to raise the temp = As required 40 to 60
5. Continue the process = 5-15 min
6. Drop the liquor & unload the garments
Step 06:
1. Hydroextract the garments.
2. Dry in the tumble dryer.
Note: white garments should be soften with non-ionic softener and dried in the steam dryer. Otherwise a reddish tone will appear.
Normal Wash
It is the easiest, shortest and cheapest process as a result it is most popular wash.
1. Size material is removed partially
2. Dust, dirt, oil spot, impurities etc. are removed that may come from during process i.e. cutting, stitching and the back process.
3. With the addition of softener the softness of the garments can be improved as well as drape ability
4. All types of garment can be washed. Such as: woven and knit garments.
5. No significant fading effect can be achieved. But increasing processing time and decreasing the liquor ratio we can pronounce the wash effect.
Note: white garments should be soften with non-ionic softener and dried in the steam dryer. Otherwise a reddish tone will appear.
Normal Wash
Process:
Suppose a lot size of 100kg garments:
1. Load the garment in washing m/c 100kg of garment
2.Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
3. Start m/c running Speed 15/12 rpm
4.Add detergent to the liquor 0.3-1% i.e. 0.30-1.0kg
5.Supply steam to raise temp. 40 c to 60 c
6.If back staining is occur then use anti back staining chemicals to
minimize such kind of problem 1-2% i.e. 1.0-2.0kg
7. Run the process 5-20 min
8.Drop the liquor
9.Hot wash with minimum liquor 1:3 i.e. 300lt (its temp 40-60c)
10. Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
11.Add softener to the liquor 0.1 to 0.5% i.e. 100gm to 500gm
12.If back staining & bleeding then use anti back staining & fixing chemical
Anti back 1-2% i.e. 1-2kg,
Fixing agent 0.5-1% i.e. 0.5-1kg
13.Supply steam to raise temp As required (40c to 60c)
14.Continue the process for 2-15 min
15.Drop the liquor
16. Unload the garment
17. Hydro extracts the garment.
18. Dry it in a tumble dryer.
How to solve Back-staining Problem During Normal Wash
We have to follow the bellow sequences:
1. Trial a sample batch (If back-staining occur)
2. Wash another sample batch with antiback-staining chemicals. (If back-staining occur)
3. Wash another sample batch without detergent (If back-staining occur)
4. Wash another sample batch without temperature (If back-staining occur)
5. Wash another sample batch without detergent & temperature and with antiback-staining agent after fixing with fixing chemicals (If back-staining occur).
6. Stop washing and inform customer.
Pigment Wash
It is also easiest, shortest and cheapest process as a result it is most popular wash like as normal wash.
1. Pigment dyed/Pigment printed fabric used for making garment can be pigment washed.
2. Size material is removed partially
3. Dust, dirt, oil spot, impurities etc. are removed that may come from during process i.e. cutting, stitching and the back process.
4. With the addition of softener the softness of the garments can be improved as well as drape ability. But as pigments harden the printed or dyed surface softener need more in compare with normal wash.
5. All types of garment can be washed. Such as: woven knit garments.
6. Significant fading effect can be achieved. But we can achieve more wash effect by increasing processing time and decreasing the liquor ratio.
Note: white garments should be soften with non-ionic softener and dried in the steam dryer. Otherwise a reddish tone will appear.
Silicon wash
Process:
Suppose a lot size of 100kg garments (woven)
Step 01 or Desizing:
1. Load the garment in washing m/c 100kg garment
2. Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
3. Start m/c running Speed 15/12 rpm
4. Add amylase enzyme 1-3% i.e. 1-3kg
5. Add detergent/antistain to the liquor; 1% i.e. 1kg
6. Supply steam to raise temp. 60 c
7. Continue the process 20 min
8. Drop the liquor
9. Hot wash with water temp 40-50c for 5 min.
Silicon wash
Step 02
1. Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio 500lt
2. Start m/c running Speed 15/12 rpm
3. Add Silicon to the liquor 0.1 to 0.5% i.e. 100gm to 500gm
4. Add softener to the liquor 0.1 to 0.5% i.e. 100gm to 500gm
5. Supply steam to raise temp As required (40c to 60c)
6. Continue the process for 10-15 min
7. Drop the liquor
8. Unload the garment
Step 03
1. Hydroextract the garments.
2. Dry in the tumble dryer.
Incase of knit garments desizing step is not required but a wash for 5 minutes at room temperature is necessary.
Caustic wash
• Caustic wash generally doing on Reactive dye, Sulpher dye, Direct dyed or printed Garments.
• If printed fabric is used for making garments then about 20-30% pigment is washed out, as a result faded color effect is produced.
• Size material is removed partially but more then normal wash & pigment wash.
• Dust, dirt, oil spot, impurities etc. are removed that may come from during process i.e. cutting, stitching and the back process.
• All types of garment can be washed. Such as: woven knit garments.
• Significant fading effect can be achieved. But we can achieve more wash effect by increasing processing time and decreasing the liquor ratio.
• To improve the color fastness & rubbing fastness.
• To increase the hairiness on garments this increases its oldlook appearance.
Caustic wash
Process:
The washing procedure follows the bellow mentioned steps.
Supposed a lot size 100kg garments.
1. Load the garments in the washing m/c = 100kg garments.
2. Load the m/c with water at 1:5 liquor ratio= 500Lt water
3. Start m/c running with moderate speed =12-15 rpm
4. Add caustic soda to the liquor 4% =4kg
5. Add soda ash to the liquor 2% = 2 kg
6. Add detergent to the liquor 1% = 1 kg
7. Add H2O2 to the liquor 4% = 4 Lt
8. Add stabilizer to the liquor 2% = 2 Lt
9. Supply steam to raise the temp =70 c
10. Continue the process for achieving the desire shade = 60-90 min
11. Drop the liquor
12. Hot wash 50c to remove all unaccepted material for = 5 min
13. Drain the liquor
Caustic wash
14. Neutralization:
a. Add water in 1: 5 Liquor ratio = 500 Lt
b. Start machine running = speed 12-15 rpm
c. Add acetic acid to the liquor 1-2ml/lt =0.50- 1Lt
d. Continue the process =5 min
e. Drop the liquor
15. Add water at 1:5 liquor ratio = 500Lt
16. Run m/c running with moderate speed =12-15 rpm
17. Add softener as required 0.1 to 0.5% = 10-50gm
18. Continue the process at 40-50c = 5-10 min
19. Drop the liquor
20. Unload the garments.
21. Hydroextract & dry the garments with the tumble dryer.
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